In 1927 some of these SNLF units were unified under command of the Shanghai Naval Landing Force and saw action in China from 1932 in the January 28 Incident. These forces were raised from kaiheidan at - and took their names from - the four main naval districts/bases in Japan: Kure, Maizuru (deactivated following the Washington naval treaty, reactivated in 1939), Sasebo, and Yokosuka.
Starting in the Meiji Era the navy began to raise units unofficially known as Special Naval Landing Forces. IJN Special Naval Landing Forces armed with the Type 11 during the Battle of Shanghai In addition, troops from Naval Bases known as Kaiheidan could form a naval landing force. Since the late Meiji Era, the IJN had naval landing forces or rikusentai formed from individual ships's crews, who received infantry training as part of their basic training, for special and/or temporary missions.
They saw extensive service in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific theatre of World War II. The Special Naval Landing Forces ( SNLF Japanese: 海軍特別陸戦隊, romanized: Kaigun Tokubetsu Rikusentai) were naval infantry units of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and were a part of the IJN Land Forces.
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